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das (Dr.) B. C. (2009)- Tribal Education- Trends and Future Scenario, Regal Pubs. New delhi. Mohapatra S. N., Mishra B. C. (2000) – Qualitative Education for Tribals- Agenda and Problems, Deep and Deep Pubs. New Delhi. Ambasht, Nawal Kishore (1970)- A Critical Study of Tribal Education, S. Chand and Co. Pubs. New Delhi. Singh, Bhupinder, Mahanti Neeti (Ed.) (1995)- Tribal education In India, Inter-India Pubs. New Delhi. Srinivas Nallani (2010) – Tribal Education, A. P. H. Pubs. New Delhi. D’souza (Dr.) Nafisa Goga (2003)- Empowerment and Action: Laya’s Work in Trbal Education, India IEP case study. Jain Seema (Vikas Samvad, Bhopal)- Tribal Struggle For Education. Mane (Dr.) Vikas (2010)- Evaluation of Secondary Level Ashramshala’s in Pune District, Centre for Educational Studies, Indian Institute of Education, Pune. Mane (Dr.) Vikas (2010)- School Curriculam and Tribal Student: A Scio-Economic and Cultural Interface, Centre for Educational Studies, Indian Institute of Education, Pune. Jain (Dr.) Ambika and (Dr.) Vikas (2006)- A Study of the Educational Status of the Denotified and Nomadic Tribes in Maharashtra, Centre for Educational Studies, Indian Institute of Education, Pune.

Purpose The purpose of this embedded case study is to have a deep insight into the transformational leadership and how it can be applied in African businesses to promote organizational change. Research method A qualitative approach to gather data from a literature review and through interviews of C-level leaders in a Moroccan holding was used in the study. Unstructured interviews were conducted and the research questions will be addressed based on the data collected and its analysis. Findings This research makes a novel contribution by proposing a transformational leadership model to be used in African companies based on Kotter’s model of change. Limitations: This study has some limitations regarding the research design, the sample, and the findings. A qualitative approach might not be enough, and a future quantitative approach might be conducted to elaborate more our findings. Originality/Value There is scant research on how a transformational leadership approach to organizational change in western companies can be successfully employed in African companies. Keywords: African Companies, Organizational Change, Transformational Leadership.

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Abrell-Vogel, C., & Rowold, J. (2014). Leaders’ commitment to change and their effectiveness in change – a multilevel investigation. Journal Of Organizational Change Management, 27(6), 900-921. doi: 10.1108/jocm-07-2012-0111 Afegbua, S., & Adejuwon, K. (2012). The challenges of leadership and governance in Africa. Retrieved from http://hrmars.com/admin/pics/1105.pdf Appelbaum, S., Degbe, M., MacDonald, O., & Nguyen Quang, T. (2015). Organizational outcomes of leadership style and resistance to change (Part One). Industrial And Commercial Training, 47(2), 73-80. doi: 10.1108/ict-07-2013-0044 Avolio, B. J., Waldman, D. A., & Yammarino, F. J. (1991). Leading in the 1990s: The Four I?s of Transformational Leadership. Journal of European Industrial Training, 15(4). doi:10.1108/03090599110143366 Bass, B. (1999). Two Decades of Research and Development in Transformational Leadership. European Journal Of Work And Organizational Psychology, 8(1), 9-32. doi: 10.1080/135943299398410 Bass, B.M. & Avolio, B.J. (1990). Developing transformational leadership: 1992 and beyond. Journal of European Industrial Training, 14:5, pages …. Bass, B.M. & Avolio, B.J. (1994). Improving organizational effectiveness through transformational leadership. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage. Bensalem, A. & El Mostafa, B. (2014). Le leadership dans les organisations Marocaines [Leadership in Moroccan organizations], le livre blanc de HEM. Retrieved from http://hem.ac.ma/Livre_Blanc/Le_livre_blanc_du%20leadership.pdf Bass, B. M., & Riggio, R. E. (2006). Transformational leadership (2nd ed.). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. Battilana, J., Gilmartin, M., Sengul, M., Pache, A., & Alexander, J. (2010). Leadership competencies for implementing planned organizational change. The Leadership Quarterly, 21(3), 422-438. doi: 10.1016/j.leaqua.2010.03.007

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This study explores a Study of Effectiveness of Advance Organizer Model (AOM) to teach science subject to 9th grade Student of Pune City. The objectives of the study are 1) To develop Advance Organizer Model (AOM) based on David Ausubel for teaching 9th grade science subject.2) To find out effectiveness of Advance Organizer Model (AOM) on 9th grade science subject.  The experimental research method used and single group design was used for this research study. To analyze the data statistical technique mean, SD, graphs, coefficient of correlation and t-test used.

            The Major findings of the study shows that, the developed 9th grade science based advance organizer model (AOM) is effective to teach Science subject. Hence, it concludes that, the 9th grade science based Advance organizer model (AOM) enhances the learning of 9th grade students.

Due to their significantly greater exposed surface area, conjugated polymer nanomaterials are proven to perform better than traditional materials. This work provides an overview of new synthetic methodologies that involve template-free and template-oriented procedures that are ideal for conjugated polymer nanomaterial growth, as well as their benefits and uses in the fabrication of nanodevices. This review covers the properties of conducting polymers with nanostructures and polymer nanocomposites, as well as their use in biosensors and sensors.

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