The primary objective of this study was to investigate the impact of Social Media Dynamics on the development of empathy and creative thinking life skills among Physical Education teacher-trainees. To accomplish this goal, a sample of 647 physical education teacher-trainees was specifically chosen for analysis. Data collection methods involved the application of the Social Media Dynamics scale, meticulously designed by Singh and Mann (2022), alongside the incorporation of life skills sub-scales developed by Prawit Erawan (2010). The outcomes derived from the MANOVA analysis provided compelling insights into the relationship between Social Media Dynamics and life skills among teacher-trainees. Notably, teacher-trainees characterized by a low level of Social Media Dynamics demonstrated a higher proficiency in empathy life skills compared to their counterparts with a high level of Social Media Dynamics. Moreover, those with a low level of Social Media Dynamics exhibited superior empathy life skills in comparison to teacher-trainees with an average level of Social Media Dynamics. Furthermore, the study uncovered that teacher-trainees with a high level of Social Media Dynamics showcased a superior aptitude for creative thinking when compared to their peers with an average level of Social Media Dynamics. This contrast also extended to teacher-trainees with low Social Media Dynamics, as those with a high level demonstrated a superior level of creative thinking. These nuanced findings underscore the intricate influence of Social Media Dynamics on the cultivation of essential life skills among Physical Education teacher-trainees.

The second language teaching and learning perspective is drastically changing these days. The pragmatic shift is by changing the focus from teacher-centered to the individual learner. The learners’ perspective of language learning depends on the motivation, de-motivation factors, learning strategies and style, and learners’ beliefs about second language learning. Nowadays affective factors are considered more important for second language learning. And different affective strategies are helpful to reduce the learners  anxiety of learning. This research paper intends to examine the effect of anxiety on the performance of second language learners. The research uses a standardized inventory to measure the role of all these factors contributing to language acquisition. The data is collected from schools having regional language as a medium of instruction and where English is introduced in primary school.

Key words: anxiety, learning strategies and style, and learners’ beliefs

Soft skills play an important role in developing the personality of an individual. They are required in day-to-day work to carry out routine work more effectively. The paper aims to bring out the problems and prospects of the professional development opportunities of academic library professionals; the study recommends methods for improving the skills of library professionals. The study aims to evaluate the professional development activities of Library professionals and their attitude toward continuing education programs. The majority of the professionals pursue higher degrees in library science or It allied courses after entering the profession, and they have a positive attitude towards participation in training programs and workshops. The results show that developments in ICT positively influence most library professionals’ attitudes towards continuing education programs.

In this research paper the Age of Information of the queueing / communication system Ek / M / 1 and its dual M / Ek / 1 has been calculated, compared and discussed with the variation of phases (k) and the traffic intensity (p). The study reveals that the age of information decreases monotonically as k increases and is a function of r.

The research paper examines "Primary School Teachers' Attitude towards teaching and their Level of Aspiration" by sampling 100 teachers from 25 schools in the Mandi district of Himachal Pradesh. Effect of three independent variables namely gender (male/ female), qualification (under graduated / graduated) and income groups (high income / low income ) were studied. The study aimed to understand the correlation between teachers' attitude towards teaching and their level of aspiration. The findings indicated a positive correlation between higher levels of aspiration have a more favourable attitude towards teaching. Interestingly, there was no significant difference between male and female primary school teachers' attitudes, although male teachers displayed a slightly more favorable attitude towards teaching. The undergraduate teachers with a high income had a more favourable attitude towards teaching than the graduate Primary School teachers. As far as level of Aspiration is concerned among males and females, there are female teachers; undergraduates over graduates with high income possess high level of aspirations than teachers with same qualification and low-income group.

Indian philosophical systems are characterized by their multifaceted and intricate nature, and there is no single, universally accepted issue that encompasses them all. Nevertheless, the concept of Moksha is prevalent across all systems, and its resolution shapes the distinct logic of each system. By conducting an extensive analysis of Moksha in all schools of Indian Philosophy, it is evident that each school offers a unique depiction of Moksha, yet they all point to the same ultimate experience. All schools acknowledge the cycle of birth and death as a consequence of bondage, which leads to continuous suffering. The fundamental principles of various systems can be inferred from their perspective on the essence of Moksha, as their view on Moksha serves as the foundation of their logical framework. Consequently, the problem of Moksha emerges as the central and universal inquiry of Indian metaphysics.

Women employees of Higher Education Institutes desire to grow and scale new heights. The UGC provides opportunities for women to develop their career. Regardless of encouraging statistics on women access to opportunities provided by institutes, women still encounter obstacles when seeking to occupy key academic positions in Higher Education Institutions (HEIs). Participation of women in leadership positions is very rare and it is important that the institutes support their career path. Further, there is a scarcity of research on career development of women in Education sector. This study attempts a literature review and gathers data on main elements of career development of women in HEIs. The data was collected from the 80 non-technical women faculty in Pune, Maharashtra. The research has its own limitations of scope, time and perceptions of respondents. The research brings forth that institutions have a provision of special quota for women employees at recruitment level and observes giving scope to the women faculty to grow suggesting at empowerment of women. The study concludes that the institutes are supporting the women faculty in career development through special award and recognition for achievements, study leave opportunity for research and opportunity to rejoin after a career break.

Keywords: Career Development, Higher Education Institutions, Career Advancement Scheme

One of the most difficult factors in the effective installation of a service system is the availability of a continuous power source. We examine a fault-tolerant power generating system of finite operational units with warm standby unit provisioning in this work. Each operational and standby unit's time-to-failure is considered to be exponentially distributed. The time-to-repair for the failing units by the single service facility follows the arbitrary distribution. For modeling purpose, we also included real operating behaviors such as imperfect coverage of unit failure, switching failure of standby unit, reboot delay, switch over delay, and so on. The one and only input required for the assessment of the explicit equation for the system's steady-state probability is the repair time distribution's Laplace-Stieltjes transform (LST). The numerical findings for the following repair time distributions are presented: exponential (M), n-stage Erlang (Ern), and deterministic (D). Concluding evaluations are also provided.

Teachers are the real architect of our nation as they frame the destiny of our children. It’s because of this reason teaching is one of the most esteemed professions across the globe. In the Ancient education system Teachers were termed as ‘Gurus’ as they had unmatched knowledge and intellect level and were people with highest moral character, only those who possess high order thinking skills and intellectual capabilities joined this profession. In the present scenario, undoubtedly the standards of teachers have degraded to a large extent. There are several reasons for this but one major cause is the deterioration of the standards of teacher education system in our country. The nurturing and expansion of poorly regulated private teacher’s training institutions in our country has resulted into the commercialization of teacher education, which in turn has resulted into the growth in the numbers of unskilled and inefficient teachers. There is an urgent need to reinstate the dignity attached with teacher and teacher education at the earliest for the all-round development of our nation. The announcement of the National Education Policy on July 29th, 2020 is a great step towards restructuring and revamping the teacher training system in our country. This paper attempts to discuss the recommendations of the National Education Policy and explore various challenges and suggestion for its effective implementation at ground zero.

Gurugram – the ‘Millennium City’ has seen exponential development in terms of populace over the final few a long time due to business roads. Presently, as per the concern with Squander administration or squander transfer incorporates the forms and activities required to oversee squander from its initiation to its last transfer. This incorporates the collection, transport, treatment, and transfer of squander, alongside checking and direction of the squander administration prepare and waste-related laws, advances, and financial components. Squander can be strong, fluid, or gasses and each sort has diverse strategies of transfer and administration. Squander administration bargains with all sorts of squander, counting mechanical, organic, family, civil, natural, biomedical, radioactive squanders. In a few cases, squander can posture a threat to human wellbeing. Wellbeing issues are related with the whole handle of squander administration. Wellbeing issues can too emerge in a roundabout way or straightforwardly: straightforwardly through the dealing with of strong squander, and by implication through the utilization of water, soil, and nourishment. Squander is delivered by human movement, for illustration, the extraction and preparing of crude materials. Squander administration is planning to diminish the unfavorable impacts of squander on human wellbeing, the environment, planetary assets, and aesthetics. The cities as it were include two percent of the world’s arrive surface, however they are capable for expending over 75 rate of the planet’s assets and deliver 75 rate of the world’s squander. The foremost squeezing issue confronted by any urban middle in India nowadays is Metropolitan Strong Squander Administration (SWM). Quick urbanization and changing ways of life have driven to the era of gigantic sums of waste and squander within the urban zones. The present paper consider the Waste Management on City Gururam, Haryana, India with prime goals are- (i) To examine the Waste Management in the Gurugram City. (ii) To investigations the Remediation of Waste Management in Gurugram city. (iii) To discuss the Some Best Practices being adopted for Waste Management in Gurugram city. The technique of the inquire about could be a sort including an interpretative, discussion, perception and consider auxiliary sources, like books, articles, diaries, proposal, college news, master supposition, and websites, etc.

The Great Himalayan National Park Conservation Area (GHNPCA), located in the Indian state of Himachal Pradesh, is renowned for its rich biodiversity and stunning natural landscapes. Among its many natural wonders, waterfalls hold a special place, serving as captivating features that enhance the park's scenic beauty and ecological significance. This research paper explores the various waterfalls within GHNPCA and their potential for eco-tourism and Special Interest Tourism. Through a combination of field observations, interviews and surveys, this paper aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the waterfalls in GHNPCA and their significance in the context of conservation and sustainable tourism.

The COVID-19 pandemic impacted most countries around the globe and there are specific reports on the impact of the pandemic on students. The present study had been conducted on 227 students of Himachal Pradesh University, who are pursuing online education during COVID-19. The main focus of the study was to find out the problems faced by Himachal Pradesh university students during covid-19 for which an Online Survey was conducted. Here 12 problems were identified through personal experience and through review of literature and Google form is designed and sent via social media like WhatsApp and email. Percentage analysis was used to analyze the data. Findings of the study showed that 23% of university students reported internet connectivity and 20% students reported lack of face to face interaction with teacher/supervisor and peers as the most serious problem they faced during COVID-19. Similarly, Practical/ Research Related Problems was reported by 13% of the participants and 9% university students found inappropriate study material/books and lack of library facility during lockdown. The prevalence of problem with online classes, time management, improper environment for study, carelessness/lack of concentration were reported by 7%, 6%, 5% and 2% respondents respectively. Other problems ranged pressure/fear/stress/frustration/ boredom/isolation for 7% of the sampled students, whereas 4% of university students reported health Issues/eye strain using computer as a most serious problem they faced during COVID-19. 2% of university students considered missed opportunities/worry about future as the most serious problem they faced during the pandemic.

India has a great deal of diversity. This diversity is found not in a single area but in many aspects, be it language or clothing, food culture or traditional Sanskrit, agriculture or festival, it is found everywhere. In fact, this variety is the biggest source of indigenous knowledge in our country. Indigenous knowledge is also known as local knowledge, traditional knowledge, folk knowledge, traditional ecological knowledge.  The knowledge which is transmitted from generation to generation in the form of belief, culture, rituals and festivals and has been the foundation for agriculture, food preparation and conservation, health care, education, and the extensive range of other activities that withstand a society and its environment in many parts of the world for many centuries. Present paper focused on understanding the idea of indigenous knowledge in broader sense, significance of indigenous knowledge in modern and ancient era, Sustainable development goals stated by the united nation and concept of sustainable development, how by using this local knowledge we can achieve sustainable development in various aspects. The present paper has intention to prove helpful to policy makers and academia and other significant factors from society to address inclusive development through indigenous knowledge. Data has been collected from literature review.

The primary aim of present study was to compare Physical Fitness Variables between Lifter and Attackers of Volleyball Players.  A total 200 male Volleyball Players were selected from Sant Gadge Baba Amravati University Amravati by simple random sampling. The sample consisted 100 Attackers and 100 Lifter male Volleyball Players. The data was computed and analyzed using descriptive statistics and‘t’ test in order to  compare the significant difference between Lifter and Attackers of volleyball Players, the level of significance was set at 0.05 level. The result indicated that there were partially insignificant difference between Lifter and Attackers of volleyball Players. The researcher is a volleyball player. The researcher knows that physical fitness was the key to success and it was the backbone of the human life.  It plays an important role in every aspect of human life, but to remain physically fit, exercise was very important.  In volleyball and hockey game fitness was very necessary. While playing volley ball during day time, the researcher lot of increasing defenders and attackers, etc., so the researcher was interested to undertake the study on, “Comparative Study of Physical Fitness Variables between Lifter and Attackers of Volleyball Players”.

Keyword: Physical Fitness, Lifter and Attackers of volleyball Players. Introduction:

Background: Students’ careers and personal life are significantly shaped by their education. However, unless the three-way relationship between parents, instructors, and students is strong, it will be impossible to improve children’s skills and capacities. Parents and teachers are found to be the initial point of contact for the students. Hence, their gendered perceptions and stereotypes play a vital role in shaping students’ self-esteem and motivation levels.

Purpose: Against this backdrop, the current study aims to analyse the impact of gendered perceptions of parents and teachers on students’ motivation and self-esteem levels. The study is significant because such an impact may further affect academic achievement and a child’s personality development.

Methods: A secondary data collection method using existing literature was adopted to accomplish the study’s aim. The Google Scholar database was used to search studies published for 11 years, from 2011 to 2022.

Findings: The study’s findings affirmed that teachers and parents unconsciously reflect their gendered perceptions and stereotypes, negatively affecting students’ motivation and self-esteem. These perceptions are embedded due to traditional thinking. Constant exposure of children towards such gendered stereotypes may further root such ideas in them.

Research Gap: Previous studies have primarily outlined the negative impact of gender stereotypes on personality development and behaviour. Nonetheless, the current study strategically focuses on unveiling the impact of gendered perceptions held by parents and teachers on students’ self-esteem and motivation.

Keywords:  Gendered Perceptions, Stereotypes, Motivation, Self-esteem, Academic Achievement

Keeping in mind the country's population, the Indian National Education Policy has been changed four times between 1968 and 2020 but to address the 38.5 million out-of-school children and 313 million adult illiterates in the most affected areas of Uttar Pradesh, Bihar and Rajasthan, the Indian National Education Policy needs more efforts to solve the educational challenges. Since education is a condition for development, if the Ministry of Education collaborates with regional governments to implement the national education policy of 2020 holistically, then the quality of education and the number of children out of school will be reduced drastically. The objective of this study is to examine the national education policy 2020 and its implication for national development and analyze the “No hard separations” and “Elimination of silos” on education. A systematic review of published journals based on the secondary source of data collection was analyzed and evaluated. These journals were searched through Google and are related to the subject matter of the national education policy 2020 of India. The journals are published within the last decade. The finding reveals late enrolment of students in primary schools, financing challenges, and segregation of members of society amongst others. It is recommended that structural and process reorganization be made by the Ministry of Education, regional governments, and the management of the 3 tiers of educational institutions within the regions to achieve the goal of self-actualization that will help in social, economic, political, and human development of India and its people.

The present research study throwing the light on the influence of gender on the psychological variable
emotional intelligence among sports players of Patna University, Patna. The researcher refereed the
many related studies before conduct the investigation, the major aim and objectives of the present study
are as follows: - To check the emotional intelligence among sports players of Patna University, To
collect the research data of emotional intelligence through the standard scale from sample of the study,
and Compare the emotional intelligence among male and female sports players to compare the
influence of gender. The sample were selected through the simple random method of sampling from the
constituent colleges of Patna university, Patna. The investigator took one hundred inter-collegiate
participated players as sample of the study who have represented the inter collegiate sports meet at
college level, the sample consisted both male and female sports players in equal number. The research
data was calculated through the SPSS package to find out the results of the study. The research
hypothesis stated that- There would be influence of gender on the emotional intelligence of sports
players and there would be significance difference in emotional intelligence among sports players.
Keywords: Gender, Emotion, Emotional Intelligence.
Introduction

This study focuses on examining the views of teachers and the problems of children about Multigrade teaching. The investigator used purposive sampling and selected five primary teachers in Pattamundai block in Kendrapara district of Odisha. A descriptive survey method with qualitative approaches was employed for sixty respondents from teachers and students. For data collection, the investigator used various tools and techniques such as self-made questionnaires for teachers and focus group discussions for students. Data was analyzed and interpreted using percentage analysis and qualitative technique of thick description.The findings revealed that the physical environment of classrooms was not well equipped. Teachers reported that they had to face lots of problems to handle multiple grade classes and 75% of teachers viewed that they had to take more than three classes simultaneously. It is therefore recommended that schools and mass education must recruit teachers in primary schools to enhance qualitative improvement in primary level and to reduce teacher scarcity.