This paper seeks to reiterate the very presence of ‘Calcutta’ and the rise of Englishness among the newly educated Indians through the detective lens of Saradindu Bandyopadhyay. The paper emphasizes on the new face of Calcutta as a city, particularly concerning the rise of cocaine, crimes, mess baris, babu culture through the characters in Saradindu Bandyopadyay’s “Picture Imperfect and other stories”. The paper, would analyze the iconoclastic attempt of introducing an Indian version of detective fiction by Bandyopadhyay. The translated version of “Picture Imperfect and other stories” by Sreejata Guha, has been studied closely for developing this paper with major focus on “The Inquisitor”, the first story in the series. The paper also shows how Calcutta here as a whole, plays a crucial role in developing a hero as such. A key inquisition within this paper is how culture is 'formed', how values are 'created', and how both are regulated by elements such as power and social institutions. The research also seeks to establish how these socio-cultural factors direct and influence the author's representation of the characters, their moral choices, and demeanour.

Keywords:- Saradindu, Byomkesh, Calcutta, Cocaine, Crime, Mess Baris, Babuculture, Mysteries, Intellect, Power Institutions

Employee relations strategy is about the better management of organization’s relationships with employees and their trade unions through involvement practices and an employee relations climate which encourages commitment and cooperation with each other. Objective of employee relations strategy is to establish a healthy climate in the organization to maintain productive and harmonious relationships among employer, employees and trade unions. The study is about employee relations strategies implemented by public and private banks in Latur district. The study discloses difference between strategies implemented by both sectors. Inferences made based upon collected data using advanced statistical tools.

India is the largest populated country in the world. As per the Census 2011 India NSSO, 2.21 percent (2, 68, 10,557) of the total population have some kind of disability, and out of the 2.9 million disabled population, 990,000 around 34 percent are out of school under the age of 14 years in India. It is gradually being accepted throughout the world that with the use of new advanced technology, supportive devices, and early diagnosis, we can accommodate developmental and accidental disability in settings of learning or acquiring new knowledge with other students of general schools. It has come to know that educating children with challenging learning needs in separate special education classrooms promotes the segregation of these children from society. Ultimately, these children have to live and enjoy their lives within their society with diversity. Hence it is the need of the hour to change the teaching-learning environment to an Inclusive learning environment where they learn to live together. Ample of studies are there shouted in one word that the negative attitude of general school teachers towards inclusion is a big challenge among all other challenges in the implementation of inclusive education. This present study seeks to bring the attention of curriculum framework experts of govt. or non-govt. institutions both on how the incorporation of an understanding of the neurophysiology of learning and other cognitive aspects of learning in teacher training programs at all levels will be helpful in changing the mindset of teachers in a favorable direction towards inclusive learning and the cognitive aspect of new knowledge will definitely help in changing the affective as well as the conative aspect of an attitude of teachers towards teaching in Inclusive classroom.

Key Words:  Learning, Neurophysiology of Learning, Cognitive Attitude, Cognitive Inclusion

The present study deals with the attitude of student-teachers of B.Ed. towards digital library. The sample consists of fifty student-teachers of Regional Institute of Education, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh. The result reveals that there is strong positive and favorable attitude of student-teachers towards digital library. There is no significant difference between the attitude of student-teachers towards digital library in the context of gender and subject.

Technology is providing a positive impact on delivery mechanisms employed in distance education at the university level.  Some institutions are incorporating distance education as a way to extend the classroom.  Other institutions are investigating new delivery mechanisms, which support a revised perspective on education.  This article discusses the impact of technology on the delivery mechanisms employed in distance education.   It is suggested that those institutions, that adopt a delivery mechanism employing an asynchronous mode, can gain the most benefit from technology.  This approach seems to represent the only truly innovative use of technology in education.  The approach creates a student-driven environment while maintaining high levels of interaction, both of which are factors that contribute to student satisfaction with their educational experience. Students in distance programs typically have access to tools that allow them to repeat lecturers and interact with their fellow students and faculty. Students in all classes, including face-to-face and blended courses, benefit from having similar tools and technologies available.

Teacher is the backbone of  educational system of a country.  Quality of the teacher determines the quality of education prevailing in the country  .Being  the nation builder  a teacher must acquire the right type of knowledge ,skills and abilities to discharge his professional duties and responsibilities efficiently . Different commissions , committees and policies  have thrown light  on the  importance of teacher education .its conerns and issues and recommended  measures  for revamping and revising teacher education.

Key words; Teacher education. Pre service teacher education Inservice teacher education

Teacher commitment plays a crucial role in shaping the educational experience, reflecting a personal dedication to the profession. It is a key factor in driving efforts to enhance school outcomes, particularly in terms of student academic achievement (Kushman, 1992). Defined by the National Council for Teacher Education (NCTE, 1998) as a complete devotion to the teaching profession, commitment embodies an inner recognition of the noble nature of teaching. Secondary education serves as the cornerstone of the educational system, with secondary school teachers bearing the vital responsibility of molding the current generation for the future. Recognizing the significance of their role, this study aims to explore the level of professional commitment among secondary school teachers. Using the Normative Survey Method, the study selected a sample of 108 secondary school teachers in the Paschim Medinipur district through Simple Random Sampling Technique. Data analysis involved t-tests and ANOVA to uncover insights into teacher commitment. The study's major findings revealed a significant difference in professional commitment among teachers based on their experience levels. However, there was no significant difference observed in commitment levels concerning gender and qualification. These findings highlight the importance of fostering a strong sense of commitment among secondary school teachers, as it directly influences the quality of education imparted to students and ultimately shapes the future of the educational system.

Keywords: Teacher commitment, Educational outcomes, Student academic achievement, secondary education, Professional dedication

Teachers, like professionals in various fields, face significant stressors that can adversely affect their well-being and job performance. This study explores stress reduction strategies employed by higher secondary school teachers, aiming to identify effective approaches to support their well-being and enhance job satisfaction. Drawing upon literature and research, the study investigates various stress management techniques tailored for educators, including physical activity, mindfulness, social support, time management, and professional development. The findings highlight the importance of implementing targeted interventions to assist teachers in managing stress effectively, thereby improving teaching and learning outcomes. The study also examines gender differences in the adoption of stress management tactics and finds no significant disparities between male and female teachers. These results underscore the need for supportive environments to address stress-related challenges in educational settings, promoting the well-being and performance of teachers. Further research is recommended to explore the long-term effectiveness of stress management strategies and their impact on teacher well-being and student achievement.

Keywords: Higher Secondary school teachers, stress management, well-being, effectiveness, gender differences.

This study investigates job satisfaction among high school teachers in Kolkata, emphasizing its importance for educational quality and societal progress. Utilizing a descriptive research design, data was collected from 130 high school teachers using a standardized job satisfaction tool. Analysis revealed that gender, school type, and experience do not significantly influence job satisfaction levels among high school teachers. These findings provide actionable insights for educational policymakers and administrators to enhance working conditions and support mechanisms, fostering a conducive learning environment. The study underscores the significance of ongoing research to promote educator well-being and effectiveness in shaping the future generation.

Keywords: Job satisfaction, High school teachers, Kolkata, Educational quality, Societal progress

Sustainable societies cater to the diverse needs of all the people in the society. Sustainable development is about addressing the intermingling issues that we encounter in societies today.  In this context the role of women in ensuring a sustainable society needs to be focused on. Women’s role based on traditional concepts of gender of carrying out domestic responsibilities, caring for the family, managing the household puts her in close contact with the environment. Women are more vulnerable to the impact of environmental challenges facing societies across the world. Addressing gender-based issues and finding ways to meet the challenges and empowerment of women can lead to more gains in building sustainable societies.

Key words: Sustainable development, Women empowerment, gender equality

This paper explores the concept of fostering a growth mindset in teachers to enhance continuous professional development (CPD) and subsequently student learning. A growth mindset emphasizes the belief that abilities can be developed through dedication, effort, and perseverance. This paper argues that cultivating a growth mindset in teachers contributes to their adaptability, resilience, and openness to professional development, ultimately improving educational outcomes for their students as well. It examines the theoretical foundations of a growth mindset, strategies for its implementation in teacher training programs, the impact on professional development and the resulting benefits for students in the classroom. By synthesizing current literature, this paper provides insights into how educational institutions and policymakers can prioritize the cultivation of a growth mindset to create a positive and dynamic learning environment for both educators and students.

This study investigates the relationship between attendance patterns and academic achievement among senior secondary students in the Nadia district of West Bengal, India. Through a comprehensive analysis of attendance data and academic metrics, the research aims to identify attendance discrepancies, explore underlying factors contributing to irregularities, and understand their implications for educational outcomes. The study employs a descriptive research method, utilizing surveys administered to senior secondary students to gather data on attendance patterns and potential influencing factors. Findings reveal varying attendance behaviors among students, with some demonstrating consistent attendance while others exhibit irregular patterns. Academic achievement levels are closely associated with attendance rates, emphasizing the importance of regular attendance for academic success. Regression analysis identifies socioeconomic status and family dynamics as significant predictors of attendance irregularities, highlighting the influence of external factors on students' attendance behaviors. Overall, this research contributes valuable insights to the discourse on educational equity and quality in the Nadia district, informing evidence-based strategies and policies to improve attendance and enhance learning outcomes among senior secondary students.

Artificial intelligence and related technological advancements have been a matter of discussion in recent times. While technology and Artificial Intelligence (AI) have already had an impact on people's lives, they have also had a broader impact on education, making it more inclusive and accessible for students with intellectual, physical, hearing, and vision impairments. The application of AI has affected more than just the special needs of pupils. The present paper is on how AI has a great impact on education for students with special needs. With the assistance of AI-powered assistive technology, students with impairments can take part totally in educational activities and receive extra support and accommodations. AI-driven captioning and translation systems can also increase accessibility for students who speak languages other than the main language of instruction and for those who are hard of hearing or deaf. All students will have the chance to achieve if educators use AI technologies to build more accessible, collaborative, and personalized learning environments.

This study aims to enhance environmental education awareness among primary school teachers. It will provide valuable insights and resources to empower teachers in educating the next generation about environmental sustainability. Environmental education plays a crucial role in shaping the sustainable mind-set of young learners. It fosters a sense of responsibility and stewardship towards the environment, ensuring a better future for all. Primary school teachers often encounter challenges in integrating environmental education into the curriculum. Limited resources, time constraints, and lack of training hinder their efforts to instill environmental awareness. Educators can implement environmental awareness in schools by hosting events, integrating environmental themes into the curriculum, etc. Educating students about the environment is crucial for saving the planet from the hands of disaster and making it a better place for future generations to live.

STEAM education, offers a holistic approach to learning that fosters creativity, critical thinking, and problem-solving skills. It presents a promising and innovative teaching strategy that integrates science, technology, engineering, arts, and mathematics into a cohesive framework. Through hands-on, interdisciplinary approaches, it cultivates critical thinking, creativity, collaboration, and problem-solving skills among students, preparing students for the challenges of the 21st century. This research paper has explored the theoretical foundations, practical implementations, and benefits of STEAM education, thus highlighting its capacity to inspire curiosity, engage learners, and foster a lifelong learning.

Teacher education as a discipline has emerged in the last few decades. Teacher education consisted of pre-service and in-service teacher education. Pre-service teacher education being specific programmes of study comes with its own set of challenges to overcome. One of the challenges in this direction include academic stress. There have been several studies conducted on the academic stress of candidate teachers throughout the world on different dimensions and themes. The present study aims to analyse the research trend on the themes of academic stress conducted on pre-service teachers. The analysis comprised of 17 manuscripts compiled from peer reviewed and UGC CARE listed journals along with studies derived from the database of Scopus and Web of Science. The study identified eleven potential research themes of academic stress which are already conducted in the field of pre-service teacher education. Out of the eleven research themes, the researcher asserted few emerging sections like personality, intelligence, wellbeing to carry utmost significance in the contemporary time. The study concluded with providing some implications for teacher educators based on the recommendations received from the studies considered in the trend analysis.

Job satisfaction is one of the most widely discussed issues in organizational behavior and Human Resource Management. The study was designed to examine the level of job satisfaction among secondary school teachers in relation to their aptitude in teaching. The sample of the study comprised of 200 secondary school teachers working in different govt.  Secondary schools of Khurdha District of Odisha were selected by simple random sampling technique.  A descriptive survey method was adopted for the study. The job Satisfaction Scale by Dr. Meera Dixit (1993) and the Teaching Aptitude Test by Prof.  S.C. Gakhar and Dr. Rajnish. were used to collect the data from the sample subject. Percentage, mean, standard deviation, t-test, and Pearson’s product-moment correlation were used to analyze the data. The findings of the study confirm that there exist a positive relationship between teaching aptitude and job satisfaction among secondary school teachers. There is no significant difference in the level of job satisfaction between male and female secondary school teachers.

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The geophysical method is one of the sub-methods that are included in the category of surface survey methods. The electrical resistivity survey falls under the geophysical survey category and is carried out at twenty separate places, allowing the option of geographic dispersion. Data obtained from vertical electrical soundings (VES) can be utilised to determine the characteristics of the strata that are situated under the surface. This can be accomplished with the assistance of the findings of VES. Utilising the findings of the VES made it possible to ascertain the thicknesses of broken and weathered zones. This was something that was before impossible. When it comes to identifying the potential placements of water wells, these thicknesses are of the utmost importance.

For the purpose of gaining an understanding of the changes in thickness and resistivity of underlying layers, a method that is known as curve matching is utilised. There were three distinct lithological strata that were identified within the area that was being investigated. These strata were the top layer, weathered, and semi-weathered or fractured. The majority of the bed rock can be found in the layer that comes after the third one. The material was discovered to have an apparent resistivity that might be anywhere from 18 metres to 660 metres, and its thickness may range anywhere from 4.4 metres to 108.4 metres. There are a number of different depths to bed rock that can be found throughout the area that is being investigated.

Retail investors are individuals who invest their personal funds in the equity market, seeking opportunities for capital growth, dividends, and other financial benefits. The present study aims to understand retail investors' purposes for investing in equities, their information sources, and the factors they consider in their investment decisions. The study finds that most investors prioritize higher growth prospects when investing in equities. They also show interest in both IPOs and the secondary market. Key factors influencing investment decisions include past and predicted instrument performance, as well as financial metrics like revenue and net profit. Higher income correlates with larger investment proportions, and males are more likely to be active investors, while females tend to be passive.